Composite billet and manufacture thereof



June 21, 1949. w. 1.. KEENE 2,473,686

COMPOSITE BILLET AND MANUFACTURE THEREOF Filed Feb. 12, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet l Fzgl.

OEDIIVHRYSIZELMJ Y 2 STfll/VLESS SrEEL wms g Sim (5555x542 WVENTOR Walter L .Keene 2 H T752 mwyu ATTORNEYS June 21, 1949. w, KEENE 2,473,686 7 COMPOSITE BILLET AND MANUFACTURE THEREOF Filed Feb. 12, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 v Fly. 6 .ji

HSMI/VMSS SIZEL sin/mass STEEL-,3]!

15 INVENTOR WaiterL. Keene ATTORN EYS stainless steel.

Patented June 21 1949 COMPOSITE BILLET AND MANUFACTURE THEREOF Walter L. Keene, Dormont, Pa., assignor to Superior Steel Corporation, Carnegie, Pa., a corporation of Virginia Application February 12, 1946, Serial No. 647,015

.6 Claims. (Cl. 29 196.1)

This invention relates to composite billets and the manufacture thereof. It relates particularly to the making of composite billets comprising metals which are non-bondable to each other. It relates more particularly to the making of composite billets comprising metals which are non-bondable to each other and one of which is stainless steel.

Considerable experimentation has been done in efforts to provide a satisfactory way of making a composite billet comprising metals which are non-bondable to each other; the problem is especially diflicult when one of the metals is An example of a metal nonbondable to stainless steel is copper; indeed cu'prous metals stainless steel. Since stainless steel and copper cannot be welded to eachother it is not possible to make a composite billet by assembling components of stainless steel and copper and simply welding them together. Yet unless stainless steel is protected against oxidation oxide forms thereon which prevents eifective bonding to the stainless steel component of another component even though the latter'be of metal bondable to the stainless steel component.

I provide a method of making a composite billet whereby I can form a billet comprising metals non-bondable to each other, as, for example, stainless steel and copper, and also prevent the formation on the portion of the stainless steel component to which bonding is to be effected of oxide which would interfere with effective bonding. I make a composite billet by assembling components of stainless steel and generally are non-bondable towhich is normally metal non-bondable to stainless steel with a piece of metal bondable to each of said components therebetween, sealing the edges of said piece of metal to the component of stainless steel and fastening together the assembled components.

I further provide a method of making a composite billet comprising providing a component .of' stainless steel, applying to said component a piece of metal bondable thereto to cover a portion thereof, sealing the edges of said piece of metal to said component, applying to said piece ofmetal a second component of metal non-bondable to said first mentioned component but bondable to said piece of metal and fastening said second component to the assembled first mentioned component and piece of metal.

=The fastening together of the billet components is preferably effected through the em-' one component between ploymentof flanges on be positioned,

which the other component may 2 the flanges being deformed to press and hold the second component against the first. I form a composite billet by assembling a first component of stainless steel and a second component of metal non-bondable to said first component with a sheet of metal bondable to each of said components therebetween, welding the edges of said sheet to said first component to continuously peripherally seal said sheet to said first component, providing one of said componentswith opposed flanges and by said flanges fastening together said components.

I also provide a composite billet comprising a first component of stainless steel, 2. second component of metal non-bondable to said first component and a piece of metal bondable to each of invention will become apparent as the following description of certain present preferred embodiments thereof and certain present preferred methods of practicing the same proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown certain present preferred embodiments of the invention and have illustrated certain present preferred methods of practicing the same, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of a billet component with a protective sheet applied -to a face thereof;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of the structure shown in Figure 1 but with opposed flanges welded thereto;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but showing a second component disposed between the flanges and held in place thereby;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary vertical transverse cross-sectional view to enlarged scale of the structure shown in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary perspective view of a billet component having flanges welded thereto;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary perspective view ofto 4, inclusive, there is provided a billet component in the form of a bar 2of stainless steel. Applied to one of the principal faces of the bar 2 is a sheet 3 of mild steel. The sheet 3 has its ends welded to the bar 2 as shown at 4. Opposed flanges 5 of inverted L shape are applied to the sheet 3 and are welded thereto by welds 3 extending longitudinally of the structure. The

welds 8 also seal the longitudinal edges of the sheet 3 to the longitudinal edges of the bar 2. Thus the upper face of the bar 2 of stainless steel is protected against oxidation during heating for hot rolling since it is completely covered by the sheet 3 of mild steel which is welded to the bar continuously peripherally of the sheet. The flanges 5 likewise form a unitary part of the structure since they are welded thereto.

After the elements 2, 3 and 5 have been welded together a component i in the form of a sheet or plate of copper is applied thereto by being positioned between the flanges 5 against the sheet 3 of mild steel. The component I may be introduced longitudinally beneath the inwardly projecting upper ends of the flanges 5. When the component I is introduced such inwardly projecting upper ends of the flanges may be slightly raised to permit movement of the component i into place, whereupon the flanges may be hammered or otherwise pressed down against the edge portions of the upper face of the component I to firmly hold the component 1 in place.

Thus there is made a composite billet comprising a component of stainless. steel and a component of copper, and despite the fact that stainless steel and copper are non-bondable to each other the billet may be heated and hot rolled and will produce satisfactory composite strip having its components properly bonded together. When the billet is heated for hot rolling the upper face of the bar 2 of stainless steel is protected against oxidation by the sheet 3 of mild steel. When the billet is hot rolled the bar 2 of stainless steel bonds to the sheet 3 of mild steel and the sheet 3 of mild steel bonds to the component i of copper. Instead of being of copper the component I may be of any metal nonbondable to' stainless steel and bondable to the metal of the sheet 3. The protective sheet 3 may be of any metal bondable to each of the two billet components 2 and 1.

Referring now to Figures 5, 6- and '7, there is shown a billet component 8 of copper having. opposed L-shaped flanges 9 welded thereto at I0. There is also shown a component II of stainless steel having a sheet I2 of mild steel applied to one of the principal faces thereof and welded thereto continuously peripherally at I3. The assembly II-I2 is inverted with respect to the position in which it is shown in Figure 6 and is applied to the component 8 between the flanges 9 with the sheet I2 disposed against the upper face of the component 8 between the flanges. The assembly II-I2 is held in place on the component 8 by the flanges 9.

When the billet of Figure '7 is heated for hot rolling the under surface of the stainless steel component I I is protected against oxidation by the sheet I2 of mild steel, and when the billet is hot rolled the copper component 8 bonds to the sheet I 2 of mild steel and the stainless steel component II also bonds to the sheet I2.

Thus I provide in a simple and economic way for the making of composite billets employing metals which are non-bondable to each other and one of which is stainless steel which with- 4 out adequate protection would oxidize so as to prevent effective bonding thereto of another billet component.

While I have shown and described certain present preferred embodiments of the invention and certain present preferred methods of practicing the same it is to be distinctly understood that the invention is not limited thereto but may be otherwise variously embodied and practiced within the scope of the following claims.

Iclaim:

l. A method of making a composite billet comprising assembling billet components of stainless steel and'cuprous metal with'a sheet of ordinary steel therebetween which is bondable to both the stainless steel and the cuprous metal, sealing the edges of the sheet of ordinary steel to the billet component of stainless steel to protect the stainless steel against oxidation and fastening together the assembled billet components.

2. A method of making a composite billet comprising assembling billet components of stainless steel and cuprous metal with a sheet of ordinary steel therebetween which is bondable to both the stainless steel and the cuprous metal, peripherally continuously welding the edges of the sheet of ordinary steel to the billet component of stainless steel to protect the stainless steel against oxidation, providing one of the billet components with opposed flanges and by said flanges fastening together the assembled billet components.

3. A method of making a composite billet comprising assembling billet components of stainless steel and cuprous metal with a sheet of ordinary steel therebetween which is bondable to both the stainless steel and the cuprous metal,

peripherally continuously welding the edges of the sheet of ordinary steel to the billet component of stainless steel to protect the stainless steel against oxidation, welding opposed flanges to the assembly comprising the billet component of stainless steel and the sheet of ordinary steel and by said flanges fastening together the assembled billet components.

4. A composite billet comprising a billet component of stainless steel, a billet component of cuprous metal and a sheet of ordinary steel which is bondable to both the stainless steel and the cuprous metal disposed between the billet component of stainless steeland the billet component of cuprous metal and having its edges sealed to the billet component of stainless steel to protect the stainless steel against oxidation, said billet components being fastened together to form aunitary structure capable of being heated and hot rolled.

5. A composite billet comprising a billet com ponent of stainless steel, a billet component of cuprous metal and a sheet of ordinary steel which is bondable to both the stainless steel and the cuprous metal disposed between the billet component of stainless steel and the billet component of cuprous metal and having its edges peripherally continuously welded to the billet component of stainless steel to protect the stainless steel against oxidation, one of the billet components having flanges, the billet components being by said flanges fastened together to form a unitary structure capable of being heated and hot rolled.

6. A composite billet comprising a billet component of stainless steel, a billet component of cuprous metal and a sheet of ordinary steel which is bondable to both the stainless steel and the cuprous metal disposed between the billet component of stainless steel and the billet component UNITED STATES PATENTS of cuprous metal and having its edges periph- Number Name Date erally continuously welded to the billet component 1,74 ,9 7 Bennett Feb. 11, 1930 of stainless steel to protect the stainless steel 5 9 1 Maskrey Feb. 7, 1933 against oxidation, the assembly comprising the 1 Gibbs Apr. 2, 1935 billet component or stainless steel and the sheet 2 4 SOmmer Oct. 13, 1936 of ordinary steel having flanges welded thereto, 2,145,243 im Jan- 1 the billet components being by said flanges fas- FOREIGN PATENTS tened together to form a unitary structure capa- 10 i v I ble of being heated and hot rolled. Number Country Date WALTER L KEENE 407,942 Great Britain Mar. 26, 1934 REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 16 file of this patent:

Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,473,685. June 21, 1949.

WALTER L. KEENE It is hereby certified that errors a correction as follows:

In the drawings, Figures 3, 4, 5, and 7 should appear as shown below instead of as in the patent:

ppear in the above numbered patent requiring Fig.3.

B-Camus M5741.

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Ofiioe.

Signed and sealed this 29th day of November, A. D. 1949.

[SEAL] THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Uommz'ssioner of Patents. 

